More than half of all fossil fuel carbon emissions came from just 36 companies in 2023, a new analysis has revealed.

These firms, including Saudi Aramco, Shell, ExxonMobil, Coal India, and several Chinese companies have been tied to more than 20 billion tonnes of CO2 emissions in 2023.

The latest Carbon Majors report calculates emissions released by the burning of coal, oil and gas produced by 169 major fossil fuel companies in 2023. Of these firms, it found that 93 increased their total emissions compared to the previous year.

The report also includes historic data from 1854 to 2023, showing that since the Industrial Revolution, two thirds of carbon emissions have come from 180 companies - 11 of which no longer exist. Just 26 companies were linked to a third of these historic emissions.